ch- india size and location (geo)
INDIA SIZE AND LOCATION PDFCHAPTER-1
INDIA
SIZE AND LOCATION
CLASS-IX
SUBJECT-GEOGRAPHY
VERY
SHORT ANSWER TYPE OF QUESTIONS (1 MARKS)
1.In
which hemisphere India is located?
Ans-India
is located in North-Eastern hemisphere.
2.What
is latitudinal extent of India?
Ans
The main land extends between latitudes extends 8°4’ N and 37°6’N.
3.What
is the longitudinal extent of India?
Ans
India lies between the longitudes of 68°7’E and 97°25’ E.
4.Which
tropic divides India into almost two equal parts?
Ans-The
Tropics of Cancer.
5.Name
the two Island groups of India.
Ans-Andaman
and Nicobar Islands are located in Bay of Bengal and Lakshdweep
Islands in Arabian Sea.
6
What is total area of Indian landmass?
Ans-Total
landmass of India has an area of 3.28 million squares Kms.
7.Which
countries are bigger than India in sze?
Ans-Russia,Canada
,USA,China,Brazil and Australia.
8
What is the total length of coastline of the mainland including
Andaman & Nicobar & Lakshdweep Island?
Ans-Total
length of coastline of India is 7,516.6 Kms.
9.Which
two seas are located around around India?
Ans-Arabian
sea on west and bay of Bengal on the east of Peninsula.
10.What
is the time lag between guzrat and Arunachal Pradesh?
Ans-There
is time lag of 2 hours.
11.What
is the standard meridian of India?
Ans-Standard
meridian of India is 82°30’E.
12.From
Where the standard medidain passes in India?
Ans-Standard
meridian of India passes through Mizapur in Uttar Pradesh.
13.Why
82°30’E has been selected as the standard Meridain of India?
Ans-82°
30’E has been selected as the standard meridian of India since it
passes almost from the centre of India.
14.Do
you justify Indian ocean’s name after India?
Ans-Yes
,as no other country has a longer coastline on the Indian ocean as
India has and indeed , it is India’s eminent position in the Indian
ocean after it.
15.
What is the total length and width of India?
Ans-Total
length of India is 3214 Kms and width is 2933 Kms
16-How
India had kept her relationship with the world in ancient times?
Ans-Various
passes across the mountains in north have provided passages to the
ancient travelers , while the oceans restricted such interaction for
a long time.
17.Which
ideas from India could reach the world?
Ans-
The ideas of the Upnishades and Ramayana ,the stories of Panchtantra
,the Indian numerals and the decimal system thus could reach many
parts of the world.
18.What
commodities were taken from India to various parts of the world ?
Ans-The
spices , muslin and many other merchandise were taken from India to
different countries.
19.How
many states and Union territories does India has?
Ans-India
has 28 states and 7 union territories.
20.Area
wise which is the smallest and which is the largest state of India?
Ans-Smallest
state is Goa and largest state is Rajasthan.
21.Name
the stataes which do not have an international border or lie on the
coast .
Ans-Madhya
Pradesh ,Chhattisgarh, Haryana, Jharkhand.
22.Name
the statas of India, sharing border with Pakistan.
Ans-Gujarat
,Rajasthan Punjab and Jammu and Kashmir.
23.Which
states of India share border with China?
Ans-Jammu
and Kashmir ,Himachal Pradesh,Uttrakhand, Sikkim and Arunachal
Pradesh.
24.Name
the states sharing border with Myanmar.
Ans.Tripura
,Mizoram,Manipur and Nagaland.
25.Which
states of India share border with Bangladesh?
Ans-West
Bengal ,Bihar ,Sikkim,Assam,Meghalaya and Tripura.
26.
Which countries share their border with India ?
Ans-India
share its boundaries with Pakistan and Afghanistan in the north west
,China(Tibet),Nepal and Bhutan in the north , Myanmar and Bangladesh
in the east .
27.Which
two island countries are India’s neighbours?
Ans-Sri
Lanka and Maldives.
28.Which
water bodies separated Sri Lanka from India?
Ans
–Sri Lanka is separated from India by a narrow channel of sea
formed by the Palk strait and the Gulf of Manner.
29.Name
the Eastern coastlal states of India.
Ans-Tamil
Nadu ,Andhra Pradesh ,Orissa (odisha) and West Bengal.
30.Name
the western coastal states from south to north ?
Ans-Kerla,
Karnataka, Goa,Maharastra and Gujrat.
31.If
you intend to visit Karavati during summer vacation ,which union
territory you will be going to?
Ans-Lakshdweep
Islands in Arabian sea.
32.With
which country states of Uttrakhand ,Uttar Pradesh ,Bihar, West Bengal
and Sikkim have common frontiers?
Ans-
Nepal.
33-Name
the states through which the Tropic of cancer passes.
Ans-
Gujrat,Madhya Pradesh,Chattishgarh,Jharkhand,West Bengal, Tripura and
Mizoram .
34.Name
the place situated on three sea of India.
Ans-Kanyakumari.
35.Name
the union territories of India.
Ans-Delhi,
Daman and Diu, Dadar and Nagar Haveli , Puducherry(Pondicherry).chandigarh Andeman and nicobar lakshdeep
36.Which
is the southern most tip of India?
Ans-Kanyakumari.
37.Which
is the southern most point of India?
Ans-Indira
Point
SHORT
ANSWER TYPE OF QUESTIONS (3 MARKS)
- What is India’s latitudinal and longitudinal extent ?What is the total area of India?
Ans
(i) Latitudinal extent :82°4’ N to 37°6’N
(ii)
Longitudinal extent:68V7’E to 97V25’E
(iii)
The land mass of India has an area of 3.28 as the standard Medidain
of India.
2.Why
is 82°30’E has been selected as Standard Meridian of India?
Ans-The
82°30’ E has been selected as Standard Meridian of India for the
following reasons:
(i)There
is genral understanding among the countries of the world to select a
standard Meridian in Multiples of 7½° east and west of Prime
Meridian . It is equal to half an hour .
(ii)A
country’s standard time is drived from such a central Meridian .The
minimum difference of time is between two consecutive Standard
Meridians should be half an hour.
(iii)Another
consideration is that the Venyral Meridian of a country should pass
through ,as far as possible ,its middle part.
3.Name
the countries which nare larger than India.
Ans:
(i)Russia
(ii)Canada
(iii)USA
(Iv)China
(v)Brazil
(vii)Australia
4.What
is the significance of India’s central location?
Ans-India
is a south west extension of Asian continent.The trains Indian ocean
routes which connect the countries of Europe in the west and the
countries of east Asia provide a strategic central location to
India.The Deccan Plateau protrudes into the Indain ocean ,thus
helping India to eastblish close contact with west Asia Africa and
Europe from the western coast and east Asia from the eastern coast.
5.Why
is there a difference of 2 hours in local time between the
eastern-most part of Arunachal Pradesh and western-most part of
Gujarat? Explain.
Ans. The
local time in Arunachal Pradesh is two hours ahead of Gujarat because
of longitudinal differences. Time is calcullated on the basis of 4
minutes for every 1° of longitude towards East and West of Greenwich
Meridian Time (GMT). The difference between Arunachal and Gujarat is
30° East longitude. Therfore, the differences of time between these
two places 30 × 4 = 120 minutes or two hours.
6. Why
is the difference in the duration of day and night very little in
Kanniyakumari while it is not so in the northern part of the country?
Give specific reasons for your answer.
Ans.
Kanniyakumari
in Tamil Nadu is located at the southern-most tip of India’s
mainland. The latitude 8°4′ N passes close to it. The place is
thus near the equator and lies close to the equatorial region. As the
sun shines directly over the equator all throughout the year, the
duration of day and night is almost equal here. Hence, in
Kanniyakumari the difference in the duration of day and night is very
little, maximum around 45 minutes only. But in the northern part of
the country located to the north of the Tropic of Cancer away from
the equator, the difference between the length of day and night
becomes increasingly greater.
7.What
is the southernmost point of the Indian Union called? Describe its
location in India and its current situation.
Ans. The
southern-most point of the Indian Union is known as the Indira Point.
It is located on the Nicobar Islands, the southern section of the
Andaman and Nicobar group of islands. The islands are located in the
Bay of Bengal lying to the southeast of India’s mainland.
The Indira Point got submerged under the seawater in December 2004 during the destructive Tsunami that hit the Andaman and Nicobar Island.
The Indira Point got submerged under the seawater in December 2004 during the destructive Tsunami that hit the Andaman and Nicobar Island.
8
What
was the contribution of land routes to India in ancient times?
Explain any three.
Ans. India's
contacts with the outside world have continued through the ages,
through the land routes and sea routes.
(i)
These routes have contributed in the exchange of ideas and
commodities since ancient times. The ideas of Upanishads and the
Ramayana, the stories of Panchtantra, the Indian numerals and the
decimal system could reach many parts of the world.
(ii)
The spices, muslin and other merchandise were taken away from India
to different countries through this land routes.
(iii)
The influence of Greek sculpture and the architectural styles of
domes and minarets from West Asia can be seen in different parts of
our country
9.
Why India is called a subcontinent? Write any three points.
Ans. India
is called a subcontinent because of the following reasons :
(i)
It is a distinct geographic unit separated from the Asian continent
by the majestic Himalayas and its extensions.
(ii)
It has its own culture as distinct from the rest of Asia.
(iii)
The climate of Indian subcontinent is characterised by monsoon type
of climate.
VERY
LONG ANSWER TYPE OF QUESTIONS
1.What
are the two groups of Indian islands? Write a note on each,
describing its geographic position with relation to India.
Ans. The
two group of islands which are part of the Indian Union are the
Andaman & Nicobar Islands and the Lakshadweep Islands. The
Andaman and Nicobar Islands lie to the southeast of Indian mainland
in the Bay of Bengal. The Lakshadweep Islands lie in the Arabian Sea
to the southwest of India’s mainland, close to the Malabar coast of
Kerala. The Andaman and Nicobars are formed of the Great Andamans and
the Little Andamans in the north and Nicobar Islands in the south.
They are groups of numerous big and small islands. The southernmost
point of the Indian Union is located in one of these Islands. These
islands are of great strategic importance to India. They lie close to
the equator and have equatorial climate. They lie along the
trans-Indian Ocean route and close to the south and southeast Asia.
Port Blair is the official headquarters of Andaman and Nicobar.
The
Lakshadweep Islands are a group of small coral islands lying close to
the southern section of the west coast of India. In 1973 the
Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindive Islands were renamed as Lashadweep.
It covers a small area of 32 sq. km. Kavaratti island is the
administrative headquarters of Lakshadweep. Both the group of islands
are rich in flora and fauna and natural beauty, enhancing India’s
geographical entity.
Indian States and Capitals
India has a total of 28 states and 8 union territories. The 28 Indian States and their capitals are as follows.
| The Indian States and their Capitals | |
|---|---|
| State Name | Capital |
| Andhra Pradesh | Amaravati |
| Arunachal Pradesh | Itanagar |
| Assam | Dispur |
| Bihar | Patna |
| Chhattisgarh | Raipur |
| Goa | Panaji |
| Gujarat | Gandhinagar |
| Haryana | Chandigarh |
| Himachal Pradesh | Shimla |
| Jharkhand | Ranchi |
| Karnataka | Bengaluru |
| Kerala | Thiruvananthapuram |
| Madhya Pradesh | Bhopal |
| Maharashtra | Mumbai |
| Manipur | Imphal |
| Meghalaya | Shillong |
| Mizoram | Aizawl |
| Nagaland | Kohima |
| Odisha | Bhubaneswar |
| Punjab | Chandigarh |
| Rajasthan | Jaipur |
| Sikkim | Gangtok |
| Tamil Nadu | Chennai |
| Telangana | Hyderabad |
| Tripura | Agartala |
| Uttar Pradesh | Lucknow |
| Uttarakhand | Dehradun (Winter) Gairsain (Summer) |
| West Bengal | Kolkata |
Largest and Smallest State & UT of India: Read this Also
Indian Union Territories and Capitals
At Present India now has 28 States and 8 Union Territories. The erstwhile state of Jammu and Kashmir has been bifurcated into two Union Territories (UT) of J&K and Ladakh. The newly formed union territories have been formed under a reorganization act passed by the Parliament on 5-6 August 2020. At present India has 8 Union Territories.
| Union Territories Name | Capital |
|---|---|
| Andaman and Nicobar Islands | Port Blair |
| Chandigarh | Chandigarh |
| Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu | Daman |
| Delhi | New Delhi |
| Jammu and Kashmir | Srinagar (Summer) Jammu (Winter) |
| Lakshadweep | Kavaratti |
| Puducherry | Pondicherry |
| Ladakh | Leh |
States and Capitals of India Map
You can check the latest political map of India which provides the total number of states and union territories in India and their capitals at present.
Image Source: https://www.mapsofindia.com/
States and Capitals: Important Points
After getting the list of Indian States & Union Territories with their capitals, let us first understand how to segregate a state from a union territory. Out of the eight union territories in India, three union territories have their own legislatures these are Delhi, Puducherry (formerly Pondicherry) and Jammu and Kashmir. Each union territory and state has a capital of its own.
| State | Union Territories |
| The state has its own administrative units with their own elected government. | Union Territories are constituent units which are controlled and administered by the Central Government. |
| Executive Head is the Governor | Executive Head is the President |
| The relationship with the Centre is Federal. | Unitary with the Centre. i.e. all the powers rests in the hands of Union. |
| Administered by the Chief Minister and elected by the people. | Administered by the Administrator which is appointed by the President. ( except Delhi, Puducherry and Jammu & Kashmir) |
| Chief Minister is the real head. | Lieutenant is the real head. |
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